LongBed

Dr Hauschka Natural Cosmetics

2006-10-25T07:50:00.000-07:00

Dr hauschka the Natural Cosmetics brand provide a huge range of Organic Cosmetics and Natural Cosmetics available online.

Alimentary Paste

2005-04-05T07:15:00.000-07:00

A shaped and dried dough prepared from semolina, farina, wheat flour, or a mixture of these with water or milk and with or without egg or egg yolk. See pasta.

Augustana College

2005-04-02T01:55:00.000-08:00

Private, coeducational liberal arts college located in Rock Island, Ill., U.S. The college is affiliated with the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America. Augustana offers only Bachelor of Arts degrees and has a curriculum of education, business, and the liberal arts and sciences. It operates study-abroad programs in Latin America, Asia, Israel, and Europe. The campus

Slavic Languages, Innovations

2005-03-31T05:03:00.000-08:00

Each branch of Slavic originally developed from Proto-Slavic, the ancestral parent language of the group, which in turn developed from an earlier language that was also the antecedent of the Proto-Baltic language. Both Slavic and Baltic share with the eastern Indo-European languages (called satem languages) the same change of Indo-European palatal k and g sounds (consonants

Ribe

2005-03-29T07:45:00.000-08:00

City, seat of Ribe amtskommune (county commune), southwestern Jutland, Denmark, on the Ribe River, 4 miles (6 km) from the North Sea. One of Denmark's oldest towns, it was first mentioned in 862 and became a bishopric in 948. In the Middle Ages it was a thriving port and favourite royal resort, centred on Riberhus (a castle founded in the early 12th century and destroyed by the Swedes in 1658). The

Kirov, Sergey Mironovich

2005-03-28T06:37:00.000-08:00

A Bolshevik Party member and organizer, Kirov was arrested several times for his revolutionary activities before the October Revolution (1917) placed the Bolsheviks in power

Photosynthesis, The pathway of electrons

2005-03-26T13:45:00.000-08:00

The general features of a widely accepted mechanism for photoelectron transfer, in which two light reactions occur during the transfer of electrons from water to carbon dioxide, were proposed by Robert Hill and Derek Bendall, in 1960. A modified scheme for this mechanism is shown in Figure 1. In this figure the vertical scale represents the relative potential (in volts)

Integration

2005-03-23T04:43:00.000-08:00

With a and b called the limits of integration, is

Gyascutus

2005-03-18T23:17:00.000-08:00

An imaginary, large, four-legged beast with legs on one side longer than those on the other, for walking on hillsides. Humorous references to this creature, whose name has countless local variants, first appeared in American newspapers during the 1840s. It has continued to play a minor role in American folklore since then. The word was apparently coined to mimic the Latin

Nervous System Disease, Facial nerve

2005-03-16T21:55:00.000-08:00

The herpes

Anorexia Nervosa

2005-03-14T09:57:00.000-08:00

Body weight may drop to half of normal. Associated

United States, The European background

2005-03-12T14:14:00.000-08:00

During the years separating the failure of the Roanoke colony and the establishment in 1607 of the English settlement in Jamestown, English propagandists worked hard to convince the public that a colony in America would yield instant and easily exploitable wealth. Even men like the English geographer Richard Hakluyt were not certain that the Spanish colonization experience could or should be imitated but hoped nevertheless that the English colonies in the New World would prove to be a source of immediate commercial gain. There were, of course, other motives for colonization. Some hoped to discover the much-sought-after route to the Orient in North America. English imperialists thought it necessary to settle in the New World in order to limit Spanish expansion. Once it was proven that America was a suitable place for settlement, some Englishmen would travel to those particular colonies that promised to free them from religious persecution. There were also Englishmen, primarily of lower- and middle-class origin, who hoped the New World would provide them with increased economic opportunity in the form of free or inexpensive land. These last two motives, while they have been given considerable attention by historians, appear not to have been so much original motives for English colonization as they were shifts of attitude once colonization had begun.

Hypomixolydian Mode

2005-03-11T07:06:00.000-08:00

In music, last of the eight medieval church modes. See church mode.

Arnauld, Jacqueline-marie-angélique

2005-03-09T17:23:00.000-08:00

Jacqueline Arnauld entered religious life as a child of 9, becoming abbess of the ancient Cistercian house of Port-Royal des Champs (near Versailles)

Tzutujil

2005-03-07T13:27:00.000-08:00

Also spelled Zutuhil, or Tzutuhil, Mayan Indians of the midwestern highlands of Guatemala. The Tzutujil language is closely related to those of the neighbouring Cakchiquel and Quiché (qq.v.). The Tzutujil, like the neighbouring Mayan peoples, are agricultural, growing the Indian staple crops—corn (maize), beans, and squash. They also keep a few domestic animals such as sheep, pigs, and chickens. The people

China, Early man

2005-03-05T01:07:00.000-08:00

The fossil record in China promises fundamental contributions to the understanding of human origins. There is considerable evidence of Homo erectus by the time of the Lower Paleolithic (the Paleolithic Period began c. 2,500,000 years ago and ended 10,000 years ago) at sites such as Lan-t'ien, Shensi; Ho-hsien, Anhwei; Yüan-mou, Yunnan; and, the most famous, that of so-called Peking man at Chou-k'ou-tien

Poyet, Guillaume

2005-03-02T21:45:00.000-08:00

After practicing successfully as a barrister at Angers and Paris, he was instructed by Louise of Savoy, mother of King Francis I, to uphold her rights against the constable Charles, Duke de Bourbon, in 1521. This was the beginning of his fortunes.

Ch'an

2005-02-28T06:11:00.000-08:00

Form of Mahayana Buddhism that arose in China and reached its culmination in the Zen school of Japan. See Zen.

Shubra Al-khaymah

2005-02-26T23:46:00.000-08:00

Also spelled Shubra El-kheima, northern suburb of Cairo, in al-Qalyubiyah muhafazah (governorate), on the east bank of the Nile, Lower Egypt. It was formerly a market town supplying Cairo with agricultural produce from the rich, alluvial delta area. In the 1820s Muhammad 'Ali, the Ottoman viceroy of Egypt, built the country's first European-type factories and schools in Shubra al-Khaymah, and it developed as an industrial

Kádár, János

2005-02-24T04:21:00.000-08:00

Original name János Czermanik, Czermanik also spelled Csermanek premier of Hungary (1956–58, 1961–65) and first secretary (1956–88) of Hungary's Communist Party who played a key role in Hungary's transition from the 1956 anti-Soviet government of Imre Nagy to the pro-Soviet regime that followed. Kádár managed to convince the Soviet Union to withdraw its troops and allow Hungary a modicum of internal independence

Iasi

2005-02-23T15:15:00.000-08:00

Judet (county), northeastern Romania, occupying an area of 2,112 square miles (5,469 square km), and bounded on the east by Moldova. The southward-flowing Prut River marks the county's eastern border with Moldova, and the Siret River drains the hilly terrain of the county to the south. Iasi county was a part of feudal Moldavia. Iasi city is the county capital and has chemical, textile, and

Wage And Salary, Subsistence theory

2005-02-21T13:20:00.000-08:00

Subsistence theories emphasize the supply aspects and neglect the demand aspects of the labour market. They hold that change in the supply of workers is the basic force that drives real wages to the minimum required for subsistence. Elements of a subsistence theory appear in The Wealth of Nations, where Smith wrote that the wages paid to workers had to be enough

Jackson, Marjorie

2005-02-18T14:57:00.000-08:00

Jackson, known as the “Lithgow Flash” after her home town, was just 17 years old when she twice outran the great Dutch

Fact, Theatre Of

2005-02-16T01:55:00.000-08:00

Also called Documentary Theatre German dramatic movement that arose during the early 1960s, associated primarily with Rolf Hochhuth, Peter Weiss, and Heinar Kipphardt. Their political plays examined recent historical events, often through official documents and court records. Their concern that the West, and especially Germany, was forgetting the political horrors of the Nazi era led them to explore

Dörpfeld, Friedrich Wilhelm

2005-02-15T15:36:00.000-08:00

After attending the Mörs teachers' seminary, Dörpfeld joined the faculty of a school in Barmen. He remained there for

Moiseiwitsch, Benno

2005-02-12T00:50:00.000-08:00

His early training was with Dmitry Klimov in Odessa; Moiseiwitsch won the Rubinstein Prize at the age of nine. He studied with Theodor Leschetizky in Vienna from 1904 to 1908, then joined his family in England, making

Robbins, Frederick Chapman

2005-02-11T11:58:00.000-08:00

American pediatrician and virologist (b. Aug. 25, 1916, Auburn, Ala.—d. Aug. 4, 2003, Cleveland, Ohio), received the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1954 for successfully growing the poliovirus in tissue cultures and thereby paving the way for the development of polio vaccines; he shared the award with John Franklin Enders and Thomas H. Weller. A graduate of Harvard University Medical

Orange

2005-02-08T16:50:00.000-08:00

County, eastern Vermont, U.S., bounded to the east by New Hampshire; the Connecticut River constitutes the border. It consists of a piedmont region that includes Butterfield, Knox, and Braintree mountains. The county is drained by the Ompompanoosuc, White, Waits, and Wells rivers; Lakes Morey and Fairlee are among the larger lakes. Recreational areas include Allis and

Tara Singh

2005-02-06T20:47:00.000-08:00

Tara Singh was born a Hindu, but while a student in Rawalpindi he became attracted to Sikhism and underwent the required initiation ceremony.

Talca

2005-02-05T05:40:00.000-08:00

Formerly San Agustín De Talca, capital of Talca provincia and Maule región, central Chile, in the Central Valley near the Maule River. Founded in 1692, it was destroyed by earthquakes in 1742 and 1928; completely rebuilt, it is now a major urban centre midway between Santiago, 160 miles (260 km) to the north-northeast, and Concepción. It lies in the nation's greatest wine-making zone and contains Chile's largest match industry,

Soga Chokuan

2005-02-03T00:49:00.000-08:00

Japanese painter who specialized in bird-and-flower pictures and founded the Soga family of artists. He is especially noted as a painter of fowl (as his son Chokuan II was noted as a painter of falcons). His brightly coloured, realistic bird-and-flower screen paintings are in the Hoki Temple on Mount Koya, the Daitoku Temple in Kyoto, and the Tokyo National

Valencia

2005-01-31T23:06:00.000-08:00

Provincia, in the comunidad autónoma (“autonomous community”) of Valencia, eastern Spain. It is situated along the Mediterranean Sea and has an area of 4,156 square miles (10,763 square km). The province centres on the coastal plain of the Gulf of Valencia; it is limited to the south by the mountains of northern Alicante and less clearly to the north by the watershed of the Río Turia. Interior

Aerospace Industry, Airframe and engine overhaul

2005-01-30T06:49:00.000-08:00

To ensure the safe operation of airliners, airframes and engines of civil and military aircraft have obligatory major overhauls after specified time intervals. For the airframes of commercial airliners, this is required after about five years (22,000 flight hours) of operation. In such a major overhaul, the first phase is an evaluation of the technical “health” of the aircraft

Spodosol

2005-01-28T15:51:00.000-08:00

One of the 12 soil orders in the U.S. Soil Taxonomy. Spodosols are ashy gray, acidic soils with a strongly leached surface layer. Their suitability for cultivation is limited to acid-tolerant crops and orchards, provided that sufficient lime and fertilizer are applied. Covering about 3.5 percent of the nonpolar continental land area on Earth, they are mainly found bordering

Air Warfare, Air superiority

2005-01-26T19:32:00.000-08:00

Airspeeds of the new fighters jumped to more than 400 miles per hour, and some planes could operate at altitudes of 30,000 feet. Wing-mounted machine guns and aerial cannon were lethal at 600 yards, and pilots communicated with one another and the ground via the radio telephone. These developments—especially the greater speeds—led Germans participating in the Spanish Civil

Wu Daoxuan

2005-01-21T22:42:00.000-08:00

He is recorded as having painted a wide variety of subjects, perhaps painting large wall compositions of an essentially Buddhist character more than anything else. He is especially noted for his imagination

Arundel, Richard Fitzalan, 4th Earl Of, 10th Earl Of Surrey

2005-01-20T19:23:00.000-08:00

He began as a member of the royal council during the minority of Richard II and about 1381 was made one of the young king's governors. About 1385 he joined the baronial party led by the King's uncle, Thomas of Woodstock, duke of Gloucester, and in 1386 was a member of the commission appointed to regulate the kingdom and the royal household.

Tiele, Cornelis Petrus

2005-01-17T08:05:00.000-08:00

Educated at Amsterdam High School and at the seminary of the Remonstrant Brotherhood, Tiele served as pastor at Moordrecht and Rotterdam, then as professor at the Remonstrant Seminary. In 1877 he was appointed

Carlsbad Caverns National Park

2005-01-15T18:39:00.000-08:00

Area of the Chihuahuan Desert in southeastern New Mexico, U.S., near the base of the Guadalupe Mountains (a segment of the Sacramento Mountains). It was established in 1923 as a national monument, designated a national park in 1930, and proclaimed a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1995. Beneath the park, which has a surface area of 73 square miles (189 square km), are 83 individual caves, including Carlsbad

Kuei River

2005-01-14T19:25:00.000-08:00

Wade-Giles romanization Kuei Chiang , Pinyin Gui Jiang , conventional Kwei Kiang northern tributary of the Hsi River, southern China. The Kuei River rises in the Mao-erh Mountains to the north of Kuei-lin in the northern part of the Kwangsi Chuang Autonomous Region and flows southward to join the Hsi River at Wu-chou on the border of Kwangsi Chuang and Kwangtung province. The level of the river varies from season to season, and its course has many dangerous

Ear Disease, Lop ear

2005-01-11T15:15:00.000-08:00

Lop ear, excessive protrusion of the ear from the side of the head, is a more frequent but less serious deformity of the outer ear. Surgery may be performed to bring the ears back to a more normal and less conspicuous position.

Henry Viii

2005-01-10T01:28:00.000-08:00

King of England (1509–47), who presided over the beginnings of the English Renaissance and the English Reformation. His six wives were, successively, Catherine of Aragon (the mother of the future queen Mary I), Anne Boleyn (the mother of the future queen Elizabeth I), Jane Seymour (the mother of Henry's successor, Edward VI), Anne of Cleves, Catherine

Rawson

2005-01-08T05:56:00.000-08:00

Town, capital of Chubut province, southern Argentina. It lies along the Chubut River near the latter's mouth, about 5 miles (8 km) upriver from the Atlantic coast. It was founded in 1865 by Welsh settlers and named after Guillermo Rawson (1821–90), then Argentine minister of the interior. Although the port has declined in importance, there are small installations for fisheries. A beach

Fang

2005-01-06T21:59:00.000-08:00

The Fang speak languages of the Bantu subgroup of the Niger-Congo language family. They can be divided into three

Strafford, Thomas Wentworth, 1st Earl Of, Baron Of Raby

2005-01-04T05:27:00.000-08:00

Leading adviser of England's King Charles I. His attempt to consolidate the sovereign power of the king led to his impeachment and execution by Parliament.

Mammal, Social behavior

2004-12-31T10:34:00.000-08:00

The dependence of the young mammal on its mother for nourishment has made possible a period of training. Such training permits the nongenetic transfer of information between generations. The ability of young mammals to learn from the experience of their elders has allowed a behavioral plasticity unknown in any other group of organisms and has been a primary

Domett, Alfred

2004-12-28T04:23:00.000-08:00

Following study at Cambridge and being admitted to the bar, Domett travelled to New Zealand (1842) and, after a half-hearted attempt at farming, devoted his time to

Rab

2004-12-27T00:01:00.000-08:00

Italian Arbe, island in the Adriatic Sea forming the northernmost part of Dalmatia in Croatia. With an area of 35 sq mi (91 sq km), it reaches a maximum altitude of 1,339 ft (408 m) at Mt. Kamenjak and comprises three ridges of limestone. Over 300 freshwater springs provide a valuable water supply to the population of the island—which, in contrast to most of the Adriatic islands, is increasing, in part because

Yung-cheng

2004-12-25T04:47:00.000-08:00

As the fourth son of the previous emperor, Yung-cheng was not immediately in line for the throne; but when the designated heir apparent became mentally deranged, the future emperor

Social Behaviour In Animals, Dominance hierarchies and division of labour

2004-12-22T07:33:00.000-08:00

Social interaction in time and space is sometimes shown to the ethologist by patterns of following and leadership, although neither of these is necessarily social; following occurs in a dog tracking a rabbit, and leading is seen in an anglerfish luring a smaller fish for dinner by dangling a fleshy protuberance on the snout. In the Eurasian red deer (Cervus

Helder, Den

2004-12-20T17:38:00.000-08:00

Gemeente (municipality) and port, Noord-Holland provincie, northwestern Netherlands, at the northern end of the North Holland Canal, opposite Texel Island on the Marsdiep, a channel linking the North Sea and Waddenzee. Offshore, in 1673, a Dutch fleet under Adm. Michiel A. de Ruyter and Cornelis Tromp defeated an Anglo-French fleet. In 1794 a French cavalry troop captured a Dutch

Estado Novo

2004-12-19T13:55:00.000-08:00

In the election campaign of 1937 Vargas warned of a threatened Communist coup d'état and declared a 90-day state of emergency, issuing the Estado Novo. The

Egypt, The Kingdom of Egypt (192252)

2004-12-16T13:43:00.000-08:00

The new kingdom was in form a constitutional monarchy. The constitution, based on that of Belgium and promulgated in April 1923, defined the King's executive powers and established a bicameral legislature. An electoral law provided for universal male suffrage and the indirect election of deputies to the lower house: the Senate was half elected and half appointed. But

Melanchthon, Philipp

2004-12-15T22:52:00.000-08:00

Original name Philipp Schwartzerd (German: “Black Earth”; in Greek, Melanchthon) German author of the Confession of Augsburg of the Lutheran Church (1530), humanist, Reformer, theologian, and educator. He was a friend of Martin Luther and defended his views. In 1521 Melanchthon published the Loci communes, the first systematic treatment of evangelical doctrine. Because of his academic

Steel, Annealing

2004-12-12T10:44:00.000-08:00

To make steel ductile for subsequent forming operations, an annealing treatment is applied. In annealing, the steel is usually held for several hours at several degrees below Ar1 (shown by the P-S-K line in the figure) and then slowly cooled. This precipitates and coagulates the carbides and results in large ferrite crystals. Cold-formed steel is usually annealed and

Absalom

2004-12-10T06:09:00.000-08:00

The picture of Absalom that is presented in 2 Samuel 13–19 suggests that he was the Alcibiades of the Old Testament, alike in his personal attractiveness, his lawless insolence, and his tragic fate. He is first mentioned as murdering his half brother Amnon, David's eldest son, in revenge for the rape of his

Afranius, Lucius

2004-12-09T03:29:00.000-08:00

In 60 BC, chiefly by Pompey's support, Afranius was raised to the consulship, in which office he proved himself incompetent to manage civil affairs. In the following year, while governor of Cisalpine Gaul, he obtained a triumph; and, on the allotment of Spain to Pompey (55 BC), Afranius

Metacentre

2004-12-07T07:32:00.000-08:00

The centre of buoyancy of a floating body is the point about which all the body parts exactly buoy each

Khakassia

2004-12-04T09:41:00.000-08:00

Also spelled Khakasiya, or Khakassiya, republic in central Russia. The republic occupies the western half of the broad Minusinsk Basin on the upper Yenisey River. The Abakan River, a tributary of the Yenisey, forms the axis of the republic. Southeast of the Abakan's valley rise the Western (Zapadny) Sayan mountains, reaching 9,613 feet (2,930 m) in Mount Karagosh, and to the west and northwest are the Abakan and Kuznetsk

Coralroot

2004-12-03T17:45:00.000-08:00

Any plant of the genus Corallorhiza, family Orchidaceae, consisting of about 13 species of nearly leafless, nonphotosynthetic orchids that live primarily on dead organic matter. One species is Eurasian; the others are native to North and Central America. The name coralroot refers to the coral-like shape of the reddish rhizomes (underground

Amos, Valerie Ann, Baroness Amos Of Brondesbury

2004-11-30T23:05:00.000-08:00

British politician, the first woman of African descent to serve in a British cabinet and as leader of the House of Lords. She was educated at Townley Grammar School for Girls and received a bachelor's degree in sociology from the University of Warwick (1976) and a master's degree in cultural studies from the University of Birmingham (1977). She worked

Stieglitz, Alfred

2004-11-28T08:33:00.000-08:00

American photographer, passionate advocate of photography as an art, and a pioneer exhibitor of modern art in the United States. In 1902 he founded the seminal Photo-Secession Group as a protest against the conventional photography of the time. Stieglitz' own best photographs are the 400-print series of his wife, Georgia O'Keeffe, and his

Graziani, Rodolfo, Marquess Di Neghelli

2004-11-26T14:28:00.000-08:00

After service in Eritrea and Libya before World War I and in Macedonia and Tripolitania subsequently, Graziani became commander in chief of Italian forces in Libya (1930–34), governor of Italian Somaliland (1935–36), viceroy of Ethiopia (1936–37), and honorary governor of Italian East Africa

Christian, Barbara

2004-11-24T21:41:00.000-08:00

Educated at Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin (B.A., 1963), and Columbia University, New York City (M.A., 1964; Ph.D., 1970), Christian taught at the City College of the City University of New York (1965–72) and

Avionics

2004-11-20T03:54:00.000-08:00

Control apparatus includes the attitude gyro and

Algeria, World War II and the movement for independence

2004-11-19T23:05:00.000-08:00

World War II brought with it the collapse of France and, in 1942, the Anglo-American occupation of North Africa. The occupation forces were to some extent automatically agents of emancipation; both Allied and Axis radio stations began to broadcast in Arabic, promising a new world for formerly subject peoples. The effect was further heightened by the June 1941 promise of emancipation

Aegean Civilizations, The Early Bronze Age (c. 30002200)

2004-11-17T19:57:00.000-08:00

The transition from Neolithic to Bronze Age in the Aegean was marked by changes in pottery and other aspects of material culture. These changes may reflect the arrival in Crete and the Cyclades of new people from lands farther east bringing knowledge of metalworking with them. In Crete and the islands, the changes that inaugurated the Bronze Age were more or less

Myanmar, The military regime

2004-11-14T06:50:00.000-08:00

U Ne Win retired as president and chairman of the Council of State in November 1981 but remained in power until July 1988, when he resigned as chairman of the BSPP amid violent protests. Student and worker unrest had erupted periodically throughout the 1980s, but the intensity of the protests in the summer of 1988 made it seem as if the country was on the verge of revolution. In September

Vadose Zone

2004-11-12T15:36:00.000-08:00

Region of aeration above the water table. This zone also includes the capillary fringe above the water table, the height of which will vary according to the grain size of the sediments. In coarse-grained mediums the fringe may be flat at the top and thin, whereas in finer grained material it will tend to be higher and may be very irregular along the upper surface. The vadose

Allendale

2004-11-10T14:33:00.000-08:00

Kahane, Meir

2004-11-09T09:34:00.000-08:00

The grandson and son of rabbis, Kahane joined a paramilitary, right-wing youth movement in 1946. He earned a B.A. from Brooklyn College (1954), an L.L.B. from New York Law School (1956), and an M.A. in international affairs from New York University (1957) and was ordained an

Ellensburg

2004-11-07T17:59:00.000-08:00

City, seat (1883) of Kittitas county, central Washington, U.S., on the Yakima River, 28 miles (45 km) north of Yakima. The first white man settled there in 1867, and three years later the valley's first trading post, called Robbers Roost, was opened. The community bore that name until 1875, when John Shoudy platted a town site and named it for his wife, Ellen. The building of the Northern Pacific Railway

African Methodist Episcopal Church

2004-11-04T20:38:00.000-08:00

Black Methodist church in the United States, formally organized in 1816. It developed from a congregation formed by a group of blacks who withdrew in 1787 from St. George's Methodist Episcopal Church in Philadelphia because of restrictions in seating; blacks had been confined to the gallery of the church. Those who withdrew formed the Free African Society, the forerunner

Dennis, Nigel

2004-11-03T10:52:00.000-08:00

Dennis spent his early childhood in Southern Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) and was educated, in part, at the Odenwald School in Germany. He moved to Britain

Gaillard Cut

2004-10-31T17:32:00.000-08:00

Also called Culebra Cut, Spanish Corte De Culebra, artificial channel in Panama forming a part of the Panama Canal. It is an excavated gorge, approximately 8 miles (13 km) long, across the Continental Divide. It is named for David du Bose Gaillard, the American engineer who planned its construction. Overflow from the Chagres River, which is dammed at Gatun to form Gatun Lake at the north end of the cut, is guided past Gamboa into

Dryden, John

2004-10-30T10:58:00.000-07:00

The abdication of James II in 1688 destroyed Dryden's political prospects, and he lost his

Ibn Ezra, Moses (ben Jacob Ha-sallah)

2004-10-27T18:01:00.000-07:00

Known in Arabic as Abu Harun Musa, he belonged to a prominent Hispano-Hebrew family (his three

Burgess, Guy; And Maclean, Donald (duart)

2004-10-25T11:02:00.000-07:00

At the University of Cambridge in the 1930s Burgess and Maclean were part of a group of relatively privileged young men who shared a fashionable disdain for capitalist democracy. Recruited

Polar Wandering

2004-10-23T18:50:00.000-07:00

The migration over the surface of the Earth of the magnetic poles of the Earth through geological time. It was long recognized that the directions of magnetization of many rocks do not correspond to the present direction of the geomagnetic field at their sites; but not until the 1950s was there sufficient paleomagnetic data to suggest that the poles had moved in a systematic

Polar Wandering

2004-10-22T08:48:00.000-07:00

French Organisation De L'unité Africaine (OUA) labour organization founded in 1973 at Addis Ababa, Eth., on the initiative of the Organization of African Unity and replacing the former All-African Trade Union Federation (AATUF; founded in 1961) and the African Trade Union Confederation (ATUC; founded in 1962). The ATUC from its founding had encouraged member affiliation with other international union organizations, while the

Lorena

2004-10-19T10:45:00.000-07:00

City, southeastern São Paulo estado (“state”), Brazil. It lies along the Paraíba do Sul River, at 1,719 feet (524 m) above sea level. Formerly known as Pôrto de Guaipacaré and Freguesia de Nossa Senhora da Aparecida, it was given town status in 1782 and was made the seat of a municipality in 1788. The city is a trade centre for an agricultural hinterland in which rice, corn (maize), feijão (beans), potatoes,

Biblical Literature, Biblical exegesis and hermeneutics

2004-10-18T18:02:00.000-07:00

The Cambridge History of the Bible, 3 vol. (1963–70), includes contributions by specialists on biblical interpretation from pre-Christian times to the present day. J. Barr, Old and New in Interpretation (1966), discusses the relation between the Old and New Testaments and examines critically some of the interpretative principles favoured by exegetes and theologians; another work on this subject is E.C. Blackman, Biblical Interpretation (1957). C.E. Braaten, History and Hermeneutics (1966), discusses the relevance of the historical-critical method to theological study and the idea of revelation through history; F.F. Bruce, Biblical Exegesis in the Qumran Texts (1959), examines the interpretative principles followed by biblical commentaries and other documents among the Dead Sea Scrolls. The major work on the theme of salvation-history in the Bible is O. Cullmann, Salvation in History (1967). C.H. Dodd, According to the Scriptures (1952), shows the various ways in which the Christian interpretation of important areas of the Old Testament provided the substructure of New Testament theology. F.W. Farrar, History of Interpretation (1886, reprinted 1961), provides a classical survey of biblical exegesis from the early rabbinical period to the 19th century; R.M. Grant, A Short History of the Interpretation of the Bible, rev. ed. (1963), is probably the best work of its kind. B. Lindars, New Testament Apologetic (1962), studies the Old Testament quotations in the New Testament as evidence, in their text and interpretation, for the developing life and thought of the primitive church. J.M. Robinson and J.B. Cobb (eds.), The New Hermeneutic (1964), expounds modern hermeneutical concerns. B. Smalley, The Study of the Bible in the Middle Ages, 2nd rev. ed. (1952), remains the standard work on early medieval exegesis. G. Vermes, Scripture and Tradition in Judaism (1961), gives an account of the interaction of the written text and oral tradition in Jewish exegesis of the pre-Christian and early rabbinical age. An outline of the history of biblical interpretation and of the main exegetical trends of the mid-20th century is presented in J.D. Wood, The Interpretation of the Bible (1958); A. Richardson and W. Schweitzer (eds.), Biblical Authority for Today (1951), discusses the difficulties of applying biblical ethics to some of the most urgent concerns of the modern world.

Kazoku

2004-10-15T13:29:00.000-07:00

In Japan, the unified, crown-appointed aristocracy of the period 1869–1947, which replaced the feudal lords. The kazoku (“flower family”) class was created in 1869 as part of the Westernizing reforms of the Meiji Restoration. In this class the old feudal lords (daimyo) and court nobles (kuge) were merged into one group and deprived of territorial privileges. In 1884 the kazoku was reorganized

Sunderland, Robert Spencer, 2nd Earl Of, Baron Spencer Of Wormleighton

2004-10-13T11:28:00.000-07:00

Spencer was the only son and heir of the 1st Earl of Sunderland, and in 1679 he became secretary

Orbigny, Alcide Dessalines D'

2004-10-12T19:49:00.000-07:00

During eight years of travel in South America (1826–34) Orbigny studied the people, natural history, and geology of the continent. He summarized these studies in Voyage dans l'Amérique méridionale, 10 vol., (1834–47; “Journey into South America”) and proceeded to draw up the first comprehensive map of that

Carthage

2004-10-09T06:52:00.000-07:00

City, seat of Jasper county, southwestern Missouri, U.S. It lies along Spring River, just east of Joplin. Established in 1842, it was named for ancient Carthage. During the Civil War, it was a centre of border warfare and was destroyed by Confederate guerrillas in 1863; it was rebuilt in 1866. Carthage is an agricultural-trade centre (fruits, small grains, dairy products) and is noted for its

Sublime

2004-10-05T20:59:00.000-07:00

The author

Eyre, Edward John

2004-10-03T21:14:00.000-07:00

Emigrating from England for reasons of health, Eyre reached Australia in March 1833. As a sheep farmer he became a pioneer “overlander,” driving stock from Sydney

Gaucher's Disease

2004-10-02T23:34:00.000-07:00

Rare inherited metabolic disorder characterized by anemia, mental and neurologic impairment, yellowish pigmentation of the skin, and bone deterioration resulting in pathological fractures. Gaucher's disease results when a defect in the body's synthesis of the enzyme glucocerebrosidase allows the lipid glucocerebroside to accumulate in the body's storage

Kyongju

2004-09-29T05:49:00.000-07:00

City, Kyongsang-puk do (province), southeastern South Korea. It is 17 miles (28 km) inland from the coast of the Sea of Japan (East Sea) and 34 miles (55 km) east of the provincial capital, Taegu. The capital of the Silla kingdom (57 BC–AD 935), its ancient name was Sorabol, which means “capital.” Kyongju plain, surrounded by a double range of hills and mountains, formed a natural fortress for the city. Kyongju has

Gumma

2004-09-28T09:21:00.000-07:00

Sericulture and wheat cultivation are major economic activities.

Cable

2004-09-25T17:00:00.000-07:00

In electrical and electronic systems, a conductor or group of conductors for transmitting electric power or telecommunication signals from one place to another. Electric communication cables transmit voice messages, computer data, and visual images via electrical signals to telephones, wired radios, computers, teleprinters, facsimile machines, and televisions.

Babcock, Horace Welcome

2004-09-23T21:06:00.000-07:00

Horace Babcock attended the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena and the University of California. He worked at the Massachusetts

Bahram Iv

2004-09-23T18:41:00.000-07:00

One of the sons of Shapur II, Bahram first served as governor of Kerman before succeeding his brother Shapur III on the throne. Although the partition of Armenia with Rome is frequently ascribed to Bahram, it probably occurred in 387, during the reign of his brother Shapur.

Qatar

2004-09-22T03:30:00.000-07:00

Qatar was originally settled by nomads from the central part of the Arabian Peninsula. Qatari citizens, however, constitute only a small portion of the total population today. Economic growth in the 1970s and '80s created an economy dependent on foreign workers, mostly from South Asia or other parts of Arabia, who now far outnumber nationals; Qataris constitute less than

Araki Sadao

2004-09-21T14:51:00.000-07:00

Japanese general, statesman, and a leader of the Kodo-ha (Imperial Way) faction, an ultranationalistic group of the 1930s. He strongly advocated the importance of character building through rigid mental and physical discipline, whereas the dominant Toseiha (Control) faction emphasized the importance of modernization along with

Ghaghara River

2004-09-19T04:33:00.000-07:00

Also spelled Gogra, Ghaghra , or Ghagra , Nepali Kauriala major left-bank tributary of the Ganges River, rising as the Karnali River (Chinese: K'ung-ch'iao Ho) in the Tibetan Himalayas and flowing southeast into Nepal. Cutting southward across the Siwalik Hills, it splits into two branches, to rejoin south of the Indian border and form the Ghaghara proper. It flows southeast through Uttar Pradesh and Bihar states to enter the Ganges

Murillo, Bartolomé Esteban

2004-09-19T02:45:00.000-07:00

Among Murillo's earliest works is the Virgin of the Rosary (c. 1642). In the vestigial

Skadi

2004-09-17T06:06:00.000-07:00

Old Norse Skaoi in Norse mythology, the giant wife of the sea god Njörd. In order to avenge the death of her father, the giant Thiazi, Skadi took up arms and went to attack the rival tribe of the gods (the Aesir) in Asgard, home of the gods. The Aesir, wanting to appease her anger, offered her the choice of one of their number for a husband, with the stipulation that she choose a god by his legs (or feet)

Boucher, Jonathan

2004-09-16T18:29:00.000-07:00

In 1759 Boucher went to Virginia as a private tutor. After a visit to London in 1762 for his ordination, he became rector of Annapolis, Md., and tutored George Washington's stepson, thus becoming a family friend. His royalist views cost him his position: by 1775 he was keeping pistols

LongBed

Dr Hauschka Natural Cosmetics

Alimentary Paste

Augustana College

Slavic Languages, Innovations

Ribe

Kirov, Sergey Mironovich

Photosynthesis, The pathway of electrons

Integration

Gyascutus

Nervous System Disease, Facial nerve

Anorexia Nervosa

United States, The European background

Hypomixolydian Mode

Arnauld, Jacqueline-marie-angélique

Tzutujil

China, Early man

Poyet, Guillaume

Ch'an

Shubra Al-khaymah

Kádár, János

Iasi

Wage And Salary, Subsistence theory

Jackson, Marjorie

Fact, Theatre Of

Dörpfeld, Friedrich Wilhelm

Moiseiwitsch, Benno

Robbins, Frederick Chapman

Orange

Tara Singh

Talca

Soga Chokuan

Valencia

Aerospace Industry, Airframe and engine overhaul

Spodosol

Air Warfare, Air superiority

Wu Daoxuan

Arundel, Richard Fitzalan, 4th Earl Of, 10th Earl Of Surrey

Tiele, Cornelis Petrus

Carlsbad Caverns National Park

Kuei River

Ear Disease, Lop ear

Henry Viii

Rawson

Fang

Strafford, Thomas Wentworth, 1st Earl Of, Baron Of Raby

Mammal, Social behavior

Domett, Alfred

Rab

Yung-cheng

Social Behaviour In Animals, Dominance hierarchies and division of labour

Helder, Den

Estado Novo

Egypt, The Kingdom of Egypt (192252)

Melanchthon, Philipp

Steel, Annealing

Absalom

Afranius, Lucius

Metacentre

Khakassia

Coralroot

Amos, Valerie Ann, Baroness Amos Of Brondesbury

Stieglitz, Alfred

Graziani, Rodolfo, Marquess Di Neghelli

Christian, Barbara

Avionics

Algeria, World War II and the movement for independence

Aegean Civilizations, The Early Bronze Age (c. 30002200)

Myanmar, The military regime

Vadose Zone

Allendale

Kahane, Meir

Ellensburg

African Methodist Episcopal Church

Dennis, Nigel

Gaillard Cut

Dryden, John

Ibn Ezra, Moses (ben Jacob Ha-sallah)

Burgess, Guy; And Maclean, Donald (duart)

Polar Wandering

Egypt, The Kingdom of Egypt (192252)

Aegean Civilizations, The Early Bronze Age (c. 30002200)